Nobel Prizes and Laureates 2009
1. Nobel Laureates - Charles Kuen Kao
Field - Physics
Contribution - Groundbreaking achievements concerning the transmission of light in fibers for optical communication.
2. Nobel Laureates - Willard S. Boyle and George E. Smith
Field - Physics
Contribution - Invention of an imaging semiconductor circuit the CCD sensor
3. Nobel Laureates - Venkatraman Ramakrishnan, Thomas A. Steitz and Ada E. Yonath
Field - Chemistry
Contribution - Studies of the structure and function of the ribosome.
4. Nobel Laureates - Elizabeth H. Blackburn, Carol W. Greider and Jack W. Szostak
Field - Physiology or Medicine
Contribution - Discovery of how chromosomes are protected by telomeres and the enzyme telomerase.
5. Nobel Laureates - Herta Muller
Field - Literature
Contribution - who, with the concentration of poetry and the frankness of prose, depicts the landscape of the dispossessed.
6. Nobel Laureates - Barack H. Obama
Field - Peace
Contribution - His extraordinary efforts to strengthen international diplomacy and cooperation between peoples.
7. The Sveriges Riksbank Prize - Elinor Ostrom
Field - Economic Sciences
Contribution - her analysis of economic governance, especially the commons
8. The Sveriges Riksbank Prize - Oliver E. Williamson
Field - Economic Sciences
Contribution - his analysis of economic governance, especially the boundaries of the firm.