OOP is a methodology or paradigm that provides many concepts.
The basic concepts of Object Oriented Programming are given below:
Classes and Objects:
-Classes are used to specify the structure of the data.
-They define the data type.
-You can create any number of objects from a class.
-Objects are the instances of classes.
Encapsulation:
-Encapsulation is a mechanism which binds the data and associated operations together and thus hides the data from the outside world.
-Encapsulation is also known as data hiding.
-In C++, It is achieved using the access specifiers, i.e., public, private and protected.
Abstraction:
-Abstraction is used to hide the internal implementations and show only the necessary details to the outer world.
-Data abstraction is implemented using interfaces and abstract classes in C++.
-Some people confused about Encapsulation and abstraction, but they both are different.
Inheritance: Inheritance is used to inherit the property of one class into another class. It facilitates you to define one class in term of another class.
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